Veksina Marina. Untersuchungen zum Wackernagelschen Gesetz im archaischen Griechisch

Freie Universität Berlin, 2015. — 222 p.The Greek word order is known to be extremely „free“. This work deals with Wackernagel’s law, regulating the placement of the enclitics in the sentence, and argues for a considerable regularity of the word order at the beginning of a sentence. Archaic Greek word order encodes prosodic units. The placement of the enclitics is seen as implemented by a complex system of parameters operating on several levels (phonology, syntax, pragmatics, semantics) and coordinating units of different scope. The research is based on the epic corpus and the oldest available epigraphic material. The words following Wackernagel’s law exhibit idiosyncratic distributional characteristics allowing to group them as ‚postpositives’. I have left open their classification either as accentological or as rhytmical clitics. The Greek exhibits rests of a system of binary pars, where an enclitic alternates with an accented pendant. Syntagmatically, the smallest structural units involving Wackernagel’s words are pq and pMq, with the pq-type dominating. Enclitics positioning within the meaningful text units is the topic of Chapter 2: the study focuses on the complex interrelationship between the domain and the scope of the cliticization. In the epic language a placement within a non- predicative syntagma parallels a placement within a predicative syntagma. There are numerous cases of clitic placement within the domain of an upper- level predicative syntagma. More complicated is a split clause structure where there are at least two positions available for enclitics. This kind of clause structure is usually the result of pragmatic operations on its content. These configurations are interpreted as prosodically-driven. The Part II investigates enclitics clusterization rules. The complete collection of the enclitics clusters by Homer has first been studied in purely combinatorial terms: it has been proven that enclitics clusters are subject to the strong linearity principle („ranking rule“). Different meaning of equally-sounding postpositives is not a factor of the different orderings within enclitics clusters; this conclusion opposes my systematization to the previous systematizations. The ordering within clusters operates with lexemes, not with categories. However, there is a „left-periphery“ zone within the clusters that hosts elements ‚alien’ to the core set of the clustering enclitics. The contradictions to the established ranking rule are unnumerous; no factors accounting for the variation have been established, though a great part of cases has been shown to involve the indefinites and the particle τε, sharing the common etymology. The clusterization rules in split clauses do not represent a split of an original chain into two parts if the preposed material has scope other than a core clause. On the basis of the epigraphical evidence both dialect-internal and interdialectal variations of the clusterization rule have been established.